Mbiri Yachitukuko cha Ma Manipulators a Mafakitale

Ndi kupita patsogolo kosalekeza kwa ukadaulo, kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pamanja opangira zida zamagetsiNdipo manja a anthu ndi osinthasintha komanso opirira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, ubwino waukulu wa manipulator ndikuti imatha kuchita kayendetsedwe komweko mobwerezabwereza pazochitika zachizolowezi popanda kutopa! Monga zida zopangira zokha zapamwamba zomwe zapangidwa m'zaka zaposachedwa, manipulator imatha kugwira ntchito molondola m'malo osiyanasiyana. Ma manipulator amafakitale amatha kugawidwanso m'ma manipulator a hydraulic, pneumatic, electric ndi mechanical malinga ndi njira yoyendetsera.

Kutengera ndi kubuka koyambirira kwa maloboti akale, kafukufuku wa ma manipulators anayamba pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1900. Ndi chitukuko cha makompyuta ndi ukadaulo wodzipangira okha, makamaka kuyambira pomwe kompyuta yoyamba yamagetsi ya digito idakhazikitsidwa mu 1946, makompyuta apita patsogolo kwambiri kuti apite patsogolo mwachangu, mphamvu zambiri komanso mtengo wotsika. Nthawi yomweyo, kufunikira kwakukulu kopanga zinthu zambiri kwapangitsa kuti ukadaulo wodzipangira okha upite patsogolo, zomwe zakhazikitsa maziko a chitukuko cha ma manipulators.

Kafukufuku wa ukadaulo wa mphamvu za nyukiliya anafuna makina ena kuti alowe m'malo mwa anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zowononga mphamvu. Potengera izi, United States inapanga makina owongolera akutali mu 1947 ndi makina owongolera aukadaulo ndi akapolo mu 1948.

Lingaliro lachowongolera mafakitaleDevol adapereka koyamba ndipo adapatsidwa patent ndi Devol mu 1954. Cholinga chachikulu cha patent ndikuwongolera malo olumikizirana a manipulator pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa servo, ndikugwiritsa ntchito manja a anthu kuphunzitsa manipulator kuyenda, ndipo manipulator amatha kujambula ndi kubwerezabwereza mayendedwe.

Roboti yoyamba yozungulira idapangidwa ndi United Controls mu 1958. Mitundu yoyambirira yogwiritsira ntchito zinthu zama roboti (kuphunzitsa kubereka) inali "VERSTRAN" yomwe idayambitsidwa ndi AMF mu 1962 ndi "UNIMATE" yomwe idayambitsidwa ndi UNIMATION. Ma roboti amafakitale awa makamaka amakhala ndi manja ndi manja ofanana ndi a anthu, omwe amatha kulowa m'malo mwa ntchito yolemetsa ya anthu kuti apange makina ndi makina odzipangira okha, amatha kugwira ntchito m'malo oopsa kuti ateteze chitetezo cha munthu, ndipo chifukwa chake amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga makina, zitsulo, zamagetsi, mafakitale opepuka, ndi magawo a mphamvu za atomiki.

Zipangizo zowongolera mafakitale ndi zida zowongolera zokha zomwe zimatha kutsanzira ntchito zina za manja ndi manja a anthu, ndikugwira ndi kunyamula zinthu kapena kusintha zida malinga ndi njira yokhazikika. Kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza zida zowongolera mafakitale, ingolumikizanani nafeChitongli.